{"id":5263,"date":"2021-09-04T14:56:54","date_gmt":"2021-09-04T06:56:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3cmspace.com\/?p=5263"},"modified":"2021-09-17T12:26:32","modified_gmt":"2021-09-17T04:26:32","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e5%bb%bf%e7%ab%a0-%e7%a5%b7%e5%91%8a%e7%9a%84%e8%83%bd%e5%8a%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/%e7%ac%ac%e5%bb%bf%e7%ab%a0-%e7%a5%b7%e5%91%8a%e7%9a%84%e8%83%bd%e5%8a%9b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u5eff\u7ae0 \u7977\u544a\u7684\u80fd\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>\u7b2c\u5eff\u7ae0 \u7977\u544a\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"670\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" width=\"100%\">\n<div align=\"left\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">\u3000\u3000\u8036\u7a23\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7977\u544a\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u4e2d\u6559\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u5e38\u5e38\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7070\u5fc3(\u539f\u610f\u4e3a\u6b7b\u5fc3)\u300d(\u8def\u5341\u516b1)\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u683c\u8a00\u8bf4\uff0c\u54c0\u83ab\u5927\u4e8e\u5fc3\u6b7b\u3002\u5728\u5c5e\u7075\u7684\u4e8b\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5bf9\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u5931\u671b\u81f3\u6b7b\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\u3002\u6492\u4f46\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u7070\u5fc3\u653b\u51fb\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u4ece\u8d77\u521d\u8fd9\u300c\u7070\u5fc3\u300d\u6216\u300c\u6b7b\u5fc3\u300d\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u5229\u5668\u3002\u6469\u897f\u3001\u5927\u536b\u3001\u4ee5\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u8036\u5229\u7c73\u7b49\uff0c\u5f53\u7070\u5fc3\u4e00\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u60f3\u9003\u907f\u4e8b\u5949\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u8bb8\u591a\u795e\u7684\u4ec6\u4eba\u79bb\u5f00\u5de5\u573a\uff0c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u300c\u7070\u5fc3\u300d\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u5e38\u7977\u544a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u597d\u7406\u7531\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u7977\u544a\u662f\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u751f\u75c5\u3001\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u8bb8\u53ef\u6211\u4eec\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b63\u5e38\u516c\u5f00\u4e8b\u5949\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7977\u544a\u3002\u6492\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u56db\u56f4\u7b51\u8d77\u56f4\u5835\u53eb\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u4eba\u9694\u7edd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5934\u4e0a\u76d6\u4e0a\u74e6\u7247\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u795e\u4ea4\u901a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u7977\u544a\u662f\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u5230\u7684\u3002\u7977\u544a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u8bba\u4ed6\u5904\u5728\u5fe7\u3001\u559c\u3001\u751f\u3001\u6b7b\u3001\u82e6\u3001\u4e50\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7977\u544a\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7977\u544a\u5e38\u662f\u5927\u6709\u529f\u6548\u7684\u3002\u300c\u4e49\u4eba\u7684\u7977\u544a\u662f\u5927\u6709\u529f\u6548\u7684\u300d(\u5404\u4e9416)\u3002\u8036\u7a23\u66fe\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u5e94\u8bb8\uff0c\u300c\u4f60\u4eec\u5949\u6211\u7684\u540d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6c42\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u5fc5\u6210\u5c31\u300d(\u7ea6\u5341\u56db14)\u3002\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u7977\u544a\u662f\u7edd\u4e0d\u6d6a\u8d39\u7684\u3002\u53f2\u6bd5\u5c14(Robert E\uff0eSpeer)\u5728\u5176\u300c\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u539f\u5219\u548c\u5b9e\u884c\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u7b2c\u56db\u4e03\u516d\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u751f\u5728\u7f05\u7538\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u8036\u8fea\u900a\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u65f6\u65f6\u5fe0\u8bda\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u4e3a\u5404\u6837\u4e8b\u7977\u544a\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><b><a name=\"173\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #b01c48;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u7977\u544a\u751f\u6d3b<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u7684\u524d\u603b\u5e72\u4e8b\u5b59\u5fb7\u751f(J\uff0eOswald Sanders)\u5728\u5176\u300c\u5c5e\u7075\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e8c0\u4e03\u9762\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u7977\u544a\u5efa\u7acb\u4ed6\u5c5e\u7075\u751f\u547d\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u300d\u3002\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6a21\u8303\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb(\u6765\u4e091)\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7977\u544a\u626e\u6f14\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u662f\u795e\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u5929\u4e0a\u5730\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6743\u67c4\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5b8c\u5168\u501a\u9760\u7236\u795e\u800c\u6d3b\u3002\u7977\u544a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u662f\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3\u4e2d\u6709\u5341\u6b21\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4ed6\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4ed6\u9009\u5341\u4e8c\u4f7f\u5f92\u524d\uff0c\u6574\u591c\u7977\u544a(\u8def\u516d12)\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f9b\u4e94\u5343\u4eba\u5403\u997c\u65f6\u7977\u544a(\u8def\u4e5d16)\u3002\u4ed6\u53eb\u62c9\u6492\u8def\u4ece\u6b7b\u91cc\u590d\u6d3b\u65f6\u7977\u544a(\u7ea6\u5341\u4e0041-42)\u3002\u5728\u5341\u67b6\u4e03\u8a00\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u53e5\u662f\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4ece\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u672b\u4e86\u4ed6\u662f\u6d3b\u5728\u7977\u544a\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u6a21\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6548\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u683c\u62c9\u65af(J.D.Douglas)\u5728\u300c\u8ba9\u5168\u5730\u542c\u89c1\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u7b2c\u516b\u4e94\u9762\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u7977\u544a\u662f\u4ed6\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u6216\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1f\u300d\u65b0\u7ea6\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7977\u544a\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u4e0d\u5355\u9700\u8981\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e14\u4ed6\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u9053\uff0c\u6240\u884c\u7684\u795e\u8ff9\uff0c\u6240\u6559\u5bfc\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u7977\u544a\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u3002\u662f\u4ece\u4ed6\u7ee7\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7977\u544a\u800c\u6d8c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u65b0\u7ea6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7977\u544a\u4e0e\u5ba3\u6559\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8036\u7a23\u4e0d\u5355\u5728\u62e3\u9009\u5341\u4e8c\u4f7f\u5f92\u524d\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4ed6\u6559\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u8981\u6c42\u300c\u5e84\u7a3c\u7684\u4e3b\uff0c\u5dee\u6d3e\u5de5\u4eba\u53bb\u6536\u4ed6\u7684\u5e84\u7a3c\u300d(\u592a\u4e5d38)\u3002\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u662f\u795e\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5ff5\u662f\u7531\u4ed6\u800c\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u7531\u4ed6\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u4ed6\u9884\u5907\u7684\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u662f\u4ed6\u62e3\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u5dee\u9063\u7684\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u6492\u79cd\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u6536\u5272(\u7ea6\u56db35-38)\u3002\u4f46\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u7b54\u5e94\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u7977\u544a\u800c\u5dee\u6d3e\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><b><a name=\"174\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #b01c48;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">\u4e8c\u3001\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u7977\u544a<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u8bfb\u4f7f\u5f92\u884c\u4f20\uff0c\u5fc5\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u4f1a\u662f\u4e2a\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7977\u544a\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u3002\u5728\u5347\u5929\u8282\u4e0e\u4e94\u65ec\u8282\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5341\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u7977\u544a(\u5f92\u4e0014)\u3002\u8036\u7a23\u5429\u5490\u95e8\u5f92\u8981\u7b49\u5728\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9886\u53d7\u4ece\u4e0a\u5934\u6765\u7684\u80fd\u529b(\u8def\u5eff\u56db49)\u3002\u4e3b\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u8bf4\u8981\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u53ea\u8bf4\u8981\u7b49\u5019\u3002\u8fd0\u7528\u7b49\u5019\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4e94\u65ec\u8282\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u5341\u5929\u7977\u544a\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5723\u7075\u964d\u4e34\u5145\u6ee1\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u7977\u544a\u589e\u5f3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u611f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7977\u544a\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u8054\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u7ee7\u4e94\u65ec\u8282\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5723\u7ecf\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u300c\u95e8\u5f92\u90fd\u6052\u5fc3\u9075\u5b88\u4f7f\u5f92\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ea4\u63a5\u3001\u64d8\u997c\u3001\u7977\u544a\u300d(\u5f92\u4e8c42)\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u89c1\u5f7c\u5f97\u4e0e\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5728\u300c\u7977\u544a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0a\u5723\u6bbf\u53bb\u7977\u544a\u300d(\u5f92\u4e091)\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53d7\u903c\u8feb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u56de\u5230\u697c\u623f\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u5168\u6559\u4f1a\u90fd\u5728\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7977\u544a(\u5f92\u56db23-24)\u3002\u5f53\u6559\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\u5185\u90e8\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u4e5f\u662f\u7528\u7977\u544a\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898(\u5f92\u516d4)\u3002\u5728\u5348\u6b63\u65f6\u5206\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u4e0a\u623f\u9876\u53bb\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u89c1\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5f02\u8c61(\u5f92\u53419)\u3002\u7977\u544a\u53ef\u8bf4\u662f\u95e8\u5f92\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5f53\u5b89\u63d0\u963f\u6559\u4f1a\u7977\u544a\u65f6\uff0c\u5723\u7075\u5c31\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0c\u5dee\u6d3e\u4fdd\u7f57\u548c\u5df4\u62ff\u5df4\u53bb\u4f5c\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c(\u5f92\u5341\u4e091-3)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4fdd\u7f57\u5982\u4f55\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u4ed6\u662f\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e2a\u7977\u544a\u7684\u6218\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u6094\u6539\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u8bf4\uff0c\u300c\u770b\u54ea\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b63\u7977\u544a\u300d(\u5f92\u4e5d11)\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4e34\u7ec8\u524d\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u63d0\u6469\u592a\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u300c\u7977\u544a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4f60\u300d(\u63d0\u540e\u4e003)\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u4e5f\u8bf4\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bdd(\u7f57\u4e009-16)\u5f17\u4e0015-16\uff0c\u8153\u4e003-4\uff1b\u897f\u4e009\uff1b\u5e16\u524d\u4e002\uff1b\u4e8c13\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u751f\u547d\u662f\u8054\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u9760\u4e3b\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5feb\u4e50\u4e86(\u5e16\u524d\u4e096-10)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540e\u9000\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc3\u5c31\u5fe7\u4f24(\u6797\u540e\u4e8c1-4)\u3002\u96be\u602a\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u4eec\u82e5\u9760\u4e3b\u7ad9\u7acb\u5f97\u4f4f\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6d3b\u4e86\u300d(\u5e16\u524d\u4e098)\u3002\u4ed6\u65e5\u591c\u5728\u7977\u544a\u4e2d\u4ee5\u773c\u6cea\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4ed6\u5584\u7528\u7977\u544a\u7684\u7279\u6743\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u89c6\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u6b21\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7977\u544a(\u5f17\u516d19\uff1b\u5e16\u540e\u4e091\uff1b\u7f57\u5341\u4e9430)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7977\u544a\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u519b\u88c5\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u7075\u6b66\u5668\u4e4b\u4e00(\u5f17\u516d10-20)\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u300c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0e\u5c5e\u8840\u6c14\u7684\u4e89\u6218\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6267\u653f\u7684\u3001\u638c\u6743\u7684\u3001\u7ba1\u8f96\u8fd9\u5e7d\u6697\u4e16\u754c\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5929\u7a7a\u5c5e\u7075\u6c14\u7684\u6076\u9b54\u4e89\u6218\u3002\u300d\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5728\u5c5e\u7075\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u6700\u524d\u950b\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u8981\u62ab\u5e26\u300c\u795e\u7684\u5168\u526f\u519b\u88c5\u300d\u3002\u7977\u544a\u662f\u5168\u526f\u519b\u88c5\u4e2d\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u300c\u9760\u7740\u5723\u7075\u968f\u65f6\u591a\u65b9\u7977\u544a\u7948\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u5728\u6b64\u5106\u9192\u4e0d\u5026\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f17\u5723\u5f92\u7948\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u6211\u7948\u6c42\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u5f97\u7740\u53e3\u624d\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5\u653e\u80c6\uff0c\u5f00\u53e3\u8bb2\u660e\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5965\u79d8\u3002\u6211\u4e3a\u8fd9\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5965\u79d8\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e86\u5e26\u9501\u94fe\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u3002\u4f7f\u6211\u7167\u7740\u5f53\u5c3d\u7684\u672c\u4efd\uff0c\u653e\u80c6\u8bb2\u8bba\u300d\u3002\u4fdd\u7f57\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1f\u5927\u52c7\u6562\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u611f\u5230\u6709\u9700\u8981\u4fe1\u5f92\u4ee3\u7977\u7684\u9053\u4e49\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f55\u51b5\u6211\u4eec\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u6700\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u540c\u5de5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f17\u6240\u7684\u7267\u8005\u63d0\u6469\u592a\uff0c\u529d\u52c9\u4ed6\uff0c\u300c\u4e3a\u4e07\u4eba\u6073\u6c42\u3001\u7977\u544a\u3001\u4ee3\u6c42\u3001\u795d\u8c22\u3002\u4e3a\u541b\u738b\u548c\u4e00\u5207\u5728\u4f4d\u7684\u4e5f\u8be5\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u656c\u8654\u7aef\u6b63\uff0c\u5e73\u5b89\u65e0\u4e8b\u7684\u5ea6\u65e5\u3002\u613f\u610f\u4e07\u4eba\u5f97\u6551\uff0c\u660e\u767d\u771f\u9053\u300d(\u63d0\u524d\u4e8c1-4)\u3002\u5e73\u5b89\u65e0\u4e8b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5ea6\u65e5\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4e3a\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u62ef\u6551\u5931\u4e27\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u3002\u548c\u5e73\u6ca1\u6709\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u53ef\u52a9\u5e03\u9053\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4e3a\u548c\u5e73\u7977\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b89\u9053\u8005\u7684\u8840\uff0c\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5c0f\u903c\u8feb\u5bf9\u6559\u4f1a\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u662f\u5168\u56fd\u626b\u8361\u6027\u7684\u903c\u8feb\uff0c\u90a3\u5c06\u4f7f\u6559\u4f1a\u5f0f\u5fae\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u6467\u6b8b\u3002\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u5219\u6709\u7e41\u660c\u957f\u8db3\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4fdd\u7f57\u6094\u6539\u540e\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u6bb5\u5e73\u5b89\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u3002\u8def\u52a0\u8bb0\u8f7d\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u90a3\u65f6\u72b9\u592a\u3001\u52a0\u5229\u5229\u3001\u6492\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u5404\u5904\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u90fd\u5f97\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u88ab\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u51e1\u4e8b\u656c\u754f\u4e3b\u3002\u8499\u5723\u7075\u7684\u5b89\u6170\u3002\u4eba\u6570\u5c31\u589e\u591a\u4e86\u300d(\u5f92\u4e5d31)\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><b><a name=\"175\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #b01c48;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">\u4e09\u3001\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5ba3\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u7977\u544a<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5ba3\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u53f2\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u89c9\u5f97\u7977\u544a\u4e0e\u5ba3\u6559\u662f\u643a\u624b\u5e76\u8fdb\u7684\u3002\u8499\u9f13\u6885\u5229(Helen B\uff0cMontgomery)\u5728\u300c\u7977\u544a\u4e0e\u5ba3\u6559\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e03\u4e94\u9762\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u7977\u544a\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u76f8\u4fe1\u7977\u544a\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u79cd\u5b50\u662f\u79cd\u690d\u5e76\u957f\u82bd\u5728\u76f8\u4fe1\u7977\u544a\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\u5fc3\u574e\u4e2d\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5ba3\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u590d\u5174\u7684\u7977\u544a\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002\u7ef4\u5179(Justiniau Walz)\u662f\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u800c\u8d77\u6765\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u5148\u77e5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8212\u96ea\u8033(James A Soberer)\u5728\u5171\u300c\u7ef4\u5179\uff1a\u65e9\u5e74\u5ba3\u6559\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e03\u5341\u81f3\u4e03\u4e00\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u7ef4\u5179\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u51e1\u8981\u5728\u5e03\u9053\u4e8b\u5de5\u4e0a\u4f5c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u76fc\u671b\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u7977\u544a\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u671f\u671b\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u6709\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5bfb\u90a3\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u7d27\u7d27\u5730\u5411\u4ed6\u6700\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u4f5c\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\u8499\u4e86\u795d\u798f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fc5\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u85c9\u7740\u7977\u544a\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002\u7977\u544a\u80fd\u9f13\u52b1\u4fe1\u5f92\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7977\u544a\u80fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u65c5\u9014\u4e2d\u6709\u5e73\u5b89\u3002\u7977\u544a\u80fd\u53eb\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u9003\u8fc7\u903c\u8feb\u8005\u7684\u9677\u5bb3\u3002\u7977\u544a\u4f7f\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u9053\u5e26\u7740\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7977\u544a\u624d\u80fd\u53eb\u542c\u4f17\u63a5\u53d7\u798f\u97f3\u548c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u3002\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7977\u544a\u624d\u80fd\u8f6f\u5316\u77f3\u5934\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u987a\u670d\u57fa\u7763\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5ba3\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u7531\u656c\u8654\u70ed\u5fc3\u7684\u83ab\u62c9\u7ef4\u6d3e\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e03\u4e8c\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u73ed\u9003\u96be\u7684\u83ab\u62c9\u7ef4\u6d3e\u4fe1\u5f92\u5728\u5927\u536b(Christian David) \u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6765\u5230\u300c\u4e3b\u7684\u5b88\u671b\u300d\u56ed\u5e84\u3002\u56e0\u96be\u6c11\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6d8c\u6765\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5efa\u5c4b\u5b50\uff0c\u8bbe\u5de5\u573a\u3001\u6316\u4e95\u3001\u4fee\u9a6c\u8def\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u3001\u4fee\u5efa\u805a\u4f1a\u6240\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eb2\u5c91\u591a\u592b\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u4e3b\u7684\u5b88\u671b\u300d\u56ed\u5e84\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u666e\u4e16\u5ba3\u6559\u7279\u51fa\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u53d1\u6e90\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e03\u4e8c\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u8fde\u73af\u5b88\u65f6\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\u3002\u6bcf\u5468\u4e03\u5929\uff0c\u7531\u5eff\u56db\u4f4d\u5355\u8eab\u5f1f\u5144\uff0c\u5eff\u56db\u4f4d\u5355\u8eab\u59d0\u59b9\u8f6e\u6d41\u4f5c\u5b88\u671b\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b88\u671b\u7684\u7977\u544a\u76f8\u7ee7\u4e0d\u505c\u8fbe\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\uff01\u4e00\u4e03\u4e09\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5dee\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u524d\u5f80\u5904\u5973\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u5723\u591a\u9a6c\u5c9b\u7684\u9ed1\u5974\u4e2d\u53bb\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e00\u4e03\u4e09\u4e09\u5e74\u5dee\u6d3e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6279\u4eba\u53bb\u5409\u9675\u5170\u5c9b\u5f00\u8352\u3002\u7f57\u5bbe\u900a(Charles H\uff0eRobenson)\u5728\u5176\u300c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba3\u6559\u53f2\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e94\u5341\u9762\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u83ab\u62c9\u7ef4\u5f1f\u5144\u4f1a\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u6240\u63a8\u52a8\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u5723\u516c\u4f1a\u4e0e\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5728\u4e8c\u767e\u5e74\u4e2d\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u300d\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\u5723\u7075\u4e5f\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u52a8\u5de5\u3002\u4e00\u4e03\u4e8c\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u8d1d\u65af\u9ece(Paisley)\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u7267\u5e08\u7c73\u62c9\u5c14(Robett Mliar)\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u300c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba3\u6559\u4e0e\u5f97\u80dc\u5f02\u6559\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u300d\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u4e2d\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ee3\u7977\u662f\u5f15\u5bfc\u5f02\u6559\u5f92\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7acb\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u5faa\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e03\u4e09\u4e5d\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u536b\u7406\u5b97\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u793e\u3002\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u8513\u5ef6\u81f3\u8bb2\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6559\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u5fc3\u666e\u4e16\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7ecf\u5e38\u6709\u67e5\u7ecf\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7acb\u523b\u98ce\u884c\uff0c\u7977\u544a\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5728\u5168\u82f1\u4f26\u4e09\u5c9b\u666e\u904d\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7977\u544a\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u4e3a\u5f02\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u6094\u6539\u800c\u7977\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e03\u56db\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u6536\u5230\u9080\u8bf7\u4fe1\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c2\u52a0\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u7684\u300c\u4e03\u5e74\u7977\u544a\u8fd0\u52a8\u300d\u3002\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u6ecb\u7acb\u523b\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u4ed6\u53d1\u51fa\u547c\u5401\uff0c\u8bf7\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u5f92\u53c2\u52a0\u4e3a\u798f\u97f3\u904d\u4f20\u5168\u7403\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e03\u516b\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u6ecb\u7684\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u8bfa\u68ee\u6c64\u8d5b\u4f20\u9053\u4eba\u8054\u8c0a\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7531\u5a01\u514b\u91cc\u592b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed9\u4e0e\u4f1a\u7684\u540c\u5de5\u3002\u4ed6\u8bfb\u5b8c\u8fd9\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6240\u6709\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7267\u5e08\u4eec\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6708\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u62dc\u4e00\uff0c\u540c\u5fc3\u4e3a\u5f02\u90a6\u4e16\u754c\u5f52\u4e3b\u4e4b\u4e8b\u7977\u544a\u3002\u5176\u547c\u5401\u4e66\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5168\u5fc3\u4f53\u4f1a\u6551\u4e3b\u7684\u5fc3\u610f\uff0c\u8981\u4ee5\u798f\u97f3\u4f20\u904d\u5168\u7403\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7977\u544a\u7684\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6781\u5176\u6b22\u8fce\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u5b97\u6d3e\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u8054\u5408\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c3d\u5fc3\u9080\u8bf7\u643a\u624b\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u8c01\u80fd\u9884\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u5408\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4f55\u7b49\u5927\u7684\u679c\u6548\u5462\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e03\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u6d78\u4fe1\u5dee\u4f1a\u6d3e\u5a01\u5ec9\u514b\u91cc\u524d\u5f80\u5370\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5dee\u4f1a\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5723\u7075\u4e5f\u5728\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5cb8\uff0c\u611f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u5728\u9ebb\u5dde\u5a01\u5ec9\u987f\u5a01\u5ec9\u5b66\u9662\u8fdb\u4fee\u7684\u7a46\u5c14\u65af(Samuel J\uff0eMills)\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u516d\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u7ecf\u5e38\u805a\u96c6\u7977\u544a\u3001\u67e5\u7ecf\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u666e\u4e16\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6b63\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u524d\u5f80\u7ecf\u5e38\u7977\u544a\u4e4b\u5904\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u5ffd\u7136\u96f7\u96e8\u5927\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eb2\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8349\u68da\u907f\u96e8\uff0c\u5e76\u7167\u5e38\u7977\u544a\u3002\u5f53\u96f7\u96e8\u505c\u6b62\u540e\uff0c\u7a46\u5c14\u65af\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u613f\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u4f5c\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u573a\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u5e76\u7b7e\u4e0b\u8a93\u7ea6\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><b><a name=\"176\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #b01c48;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">\u56db\u3001\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u7977\u544a\u4e0e\u590d\u5174<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e03\u4e5d\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u4f20\u9053\u4f1a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u573a\u662f\u5728\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5c9b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u4e09\u5341\u4f4d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u516b\u4f4d\u5230\u8fbe\u5927\u6eaa\u5730\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60c5\u5f62\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u574f\uff0c\u6ce2\u9a6c\u91cc\u738b\u8d77\u6765\u53cd\u5bf9\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u6709\u7684\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u9003\u8d70\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u6b7b\u4e8e\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u4e00\u516bO\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u738b\u6b7b\u540e\u7531\u5176\u5b50\u6ce2\u9a6c\u91cc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ee7\u4f4d\u3002\u4ed6\u6bd4\u5176\u7236\u4eb2\u66f4\u6b8b\u9177\u3002\u52a0\u5f3a\u903c\u8feb\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5168\u90e8\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u60c5\u5f62\u6beb\u65e0\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u90a3\u56de\u5230\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u53ec\u96c6\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u4e3a\u6ce2\u9a6c\u91cc\u738b\u7684\u6094\u6539\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u4e09\u5e74\u4e03\u6708\uff0c\u6ce2\u9a6c\u91cc\u738b\u6094\u6539\u4fe1\u4e3b\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u5927\u529b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u94b1\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5ea7\u5927\u793c\u62dc\u5802\u3002\u5728\u56db\u5343\u8ddf\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u63a5\u53d7\u6d17\u793c\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5927\u6eaa\u5730\u5168\u5c9b\u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5730\u533a\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u7684\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u6234\u5fb7\u751f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u7977\u544a\u6218\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4eba\u751f\u54f2\u5b66\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u683c\u8a00\uff1a\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u6d3b\u7684\u795e\uff1b\u4ed6\u85c9\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u9053\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff1b\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc3\u610f\u5c31\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u4e2d\uff1b\u4ed6\u5e38\u8bfa\u5b88\u4ed6\u7684\u5e94\u8bb8\u3002\u4ed6\u4e00\u751f\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u670d\u4e8b\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u95f4\uff0c\u592a\u9633\u8fd8\u672a\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u8dea\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\uff0c\u4eca\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u6d77\u5916\u57fa\u7763\u4f7f\u56e2\uff0c\u4ecd\u8bfa\u5b88\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u6240\u7acb\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u4ee5\u7977\u544a\u9760\u795e\u53bb\u611f\u52a8\u4eba\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e5d\u5e74\uff0c\u5dee\u4f1a\u7977\u544a\u4e00\u767e\u4f4d\u65b0\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5f97\u7740\u3002\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e09\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u666f\u6c14\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5dee\u4f1a\u5728\u6253\u9000\u5802\u9f13\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u7977\u544a\u4e8c\u767e\u4f4d\u65b0\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53c8\u5f97\u7740\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u5fb7\u751f\u5e38\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5dee\u4f1a\u4e4b\u7236\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u8363\u8857\u5e94\u5f52\u7ed9\u67cf\u6797\u5fb7\u56fd\u7267\u5e08\u54e5\u58eb\u5185\u5c14(John Eva -ngeisst Gossner 1773-1858\u672c\u4e3a\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u540e\u52a0\u5165\u67cf\u6797\u4fe1\u4e49\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u516d\u5341\u4e09\u5c81\u65f6\u521b\u54e5\u58eb\u5185\u5c14\u5dee\u4f1a\uff0c\u65f6\u4e00\u516b\u4e09\u516d\u5e74)\u3002\u4ed6\u4e00\u751f\u4ee5\u7977\u544a\u5dee\u6d3e\u4e8c\u767e\u4f4d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u592b\u5987\u51fa\u53bb\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u846c\u793c\u4e0a\u3001\u4e3b\u793c\u4eba\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u85c9\u7740\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u5ba3\u6559\u7ad9\u5f97\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5f97\u7740\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7977\u544a\u5f00\u4e86\u6709\u94b1\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u91d1\u94f6\u5c31\u4ece\u9065\u8fdc\u4e4b\u5730\u9001\u6765\u4e86\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d6b\u66fc\u65af\u5821\u5dee\u4f1a\u7684\u5dee\u4f1a\u521b\u7acb\u4eba\u54b8\u59c6\u65af(Louis Harms 1808-1865\uff0c\u662f\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5fb7\u56fd\u4fe1\u4e49\u5b97\u5b97\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4e00\u516b\u56db\u4e5d\u5e74\u521b\u529e\u5dee\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u7b49\u5730\u5ba3\u6559)\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e07\u4e09\u5343\u4f4d\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u5f81\u52df\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u4e09\u4e94O\u4f4d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\uff1f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u53bb\u5e74(\u4e00\u516b\u4e94\u4e03\u5e74)\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5dee\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u514b\u90ce\u3002\u795e\u8d50\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u96f6\u516d\u5341\u514b\u90ce\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u500d\uff0c\u795e\u4e0d\u4f46\u8d50\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u8db3\u591f\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u4f59\u4e0b\u4e00\u56dbO\u514b\u90ce\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4e9a\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5e76\u4e0d\u600e\u6837\u6210\u529f\u3002\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8c\u4e03O\u5e74\u4e4b\u6b21\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u66f4\u4e45\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u3002\u5728\u5357\u97e9\u7684\u589e\u957f\u88ab\u5f62\u5bb9\u5982\u91ce\u706b\u71ce\u539f\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e9a\u6d32\u6700\u575a\u5f3a\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u3002\u589e\u957f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e5dO\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u590d\u5174\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5927\u590d\u5174\u7684\u8d77\u56e0\u662f\uff1a\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u6559\u4f1a\u6709\u4e94\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u4e45\u7684\u6bcf\u5929\u7977\u544a\u3002\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u3001\u66f4\u6ee1\u8db3\u5730\u7ecf\u9a8c\u57fa\u7763\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u4e00\u4e5dO\u4e03\u5e74\u4e00\u6708\u5341\u56db\u65e5\uff0c\u5723\u7075\u5145\u6ee1\u5728\u5e73\u58e4\u57ce\u6709\u4e03\u767e\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u67e5\u7ecf\u805a\u4f1a\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u7684\u5927\u590d\u5174\u662f\u7531\u4e94\u4e2a\u6708\u7977\u544a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u590d\u5174\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e8c\u793c\u62dc\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002\u5176\u95f4\u5404\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u505c\u987f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4fe1\u5f92\u5949\u732e\u81ea\u5df1\u53c2\u52a0\u7977\u544a\u3001\u8ba4\u7f6a\u3001\u8d54\u7f6a\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u590d\u5174\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u6c49\u57ce\u53ca\u97e9\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u57ce\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u8d8a\u8fc7\u56fd\u754c\u5230\u6ee1\u6d32\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u4eca\u65e5\u5357\u97e9\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u5728\u5c5e\u7075\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d28\u7d20\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u6240\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6559\u4f1a\u6709\u5168\u5e74\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u6668\u7684\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u597d\u4e9b\u6559\u4f1a\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u3002\u4eca\u65e5\u5357\u97e9\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e5dO\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u590d\u5174\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7977\u544a\u3001\u590d\u5174\u4e0e\u5ba3\u6559\u5e38\u662f\u8054\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6559\u4f1a\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u6d89\u6b7b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4ece\u4e8b\u666e\u4e16\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u8981\u5f97\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u4f5c\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u590d\u5174\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u300c\u7a81\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u957f\u671f\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u5fe0\u8bda\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4e8c\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u6559\u4f1a\u8981\u5f97\u590d\u5174\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u4e8c\u5e74\u516b\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u8c61\u7259\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u4eec\u4e3e\u884c\u6bcf\u65e9\u4e8c\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6210\u89c1\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u9080\u8bf7\u897f\u65b9\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u53c2\u52a0\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\u5ef6\u7eed\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u5ba3\u9053\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u54c8\u7ef4(Richard Harvey)\u81ea\u5df1\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u8c61\u7259\u6d77\u5cb8\u53c2\u52a0\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\u7684\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u590d\u5174\u6765\u5230\u3002\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3001\u7267\u5e08\u3001\u6559\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u90fd\u5f97\u4e86\u590d\u5174\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7194\u5316\u3002\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5dee\u4f1a\u6709\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5e03\u9053\u5bb6\u5409\u6291\u5fb7(Jacques Giraud)\u5728\u8c61\u7259\u6d77\u5cb8\u4e3e\u884c\u516d\u793c\u62dc\u5e03\u9053\u4f1a\uff0c\u6709\u6570\u5343\u4eba\u6d8c\u8fdb\u56fd\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u5a01\u5ec9\u514b\u91cc\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5ba3\u6559\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5c\u53ef\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u5c11\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u7684\u59d0\u59d0\u591a\u5e74\u5728\u540e\u65b9\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5fe0\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7977\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u7684\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u6234\u5fb7\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5c11\u4eba\u77e5\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u548c\u59d0\u59b9\u591a\u5e74\u5fe0\u5fc3\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7977\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><b><a name=\"177\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #b01c48;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">\u4e94\u3001\u7977\u544a\u662f\u80fd\u529b\u5145\u6c9b\u7684\u6765\u6e90<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7977\u5728\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6d88\u5931\u53bb\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u62dc\u4e09\u7684\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u5c11\u5f97\u5f88\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4ee5\u98ce\u96e8\u4e3a\u7406\u7531\u800c\u4e0d\u6765\u3002\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u666e\u4e16\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u603b\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5f92\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u6216\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u5076\u6216\u6709\u4e3a\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4f46\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e5f\u5c11\u4e3a\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u7977\u544a\u3002\u53f2\u6bd5\u5c14(Speer)\u5728\u5176\u300c\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u539f\u5219\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u7b2c\u56db\u4e03\u516b\u9762\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ee3\u666e\u4e16\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u5728\u4e8e\u7977\u544a\u7684\u590d\u5174\u3002\u4fe1\u5f92\u66f4\u6df1\u5730\u5173\u5fc3\u4eba\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u66f4\u5173\u6000\u5dee\u4f1a\u5728\u91d1\u94b1\u4e0a\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7075\u547d\u7684\u6df1\u5904\u66f4\u6709\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e3a\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u7977\u544a\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u65e5\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u5de5\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5c31\u662f\u7977\u544a\u7684\u590d\u5174\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e16\u4ee3\u5931\u53bb\u4f9d\u9760\u795e\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u6bd4\u5386\u4ee3\u6559\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u7ecf\u5386\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u91d1\u94b1\u3001\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u5730\u4ea7\u3001\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3001\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u5c5e\u7075\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u597d\u50cf\u8001\u5e95\u5609\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u3002\u5bcc\u8db3\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8d22\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u7f3a(\u542f\u4e09 17)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u5de7\u5999\u66ff\u4ee3\u7977\u544a\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u5316\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u6ce8\u91cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5148\u5de5\u4f5c\u624d\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5148\u4e0e\u4eba\u5bc6\u8c08\uff01\u540e\u624d\u5411\u795e\u9648\u8bf4\u3002\u5148\u8ba1\u5212\u540e\u7977\u544a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u589e\u52a0\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u82b1\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u548c\u5fd9\u4e8e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u591a\u51fa\u529b\u5c31\u591a\u6709\u679c\u6548\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4ee3\u7977\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u795e\u8981\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u4e0d\u662f\u501a\u9760\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u501a\u9760\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u501a\u9760\u8036\u548c\u534e\u7684\u7075\uff0c\u65b9\u80fd\u6210\u4e8b\u3002\u300d(\u4e9a\u56db6)<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba3\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u662f\u4e0e\u6076\u8005\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u4f5c\u6b8a\u6b7b\u6218\u3002\u6218\u573a\u662f\u5c5e\u7075\u7684\u3002\u6700\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u662f\u7977\u544a\u3002\u90a3\u5728\u540e\u65b9\u5fe0\u5fc3\u7684\u4ee3\u7977\u9635\u7ebf\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u90a3\u4e9b\u6df1\u77e5\u7977\u544a\u6548\u529b\u7684\u52c7\u58eb\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e5\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u4ee3\u7977\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5dee\u4f1a\u76ee\u524d\u51fa\u7248\u6bcf\u6708\u4ee3\u7977\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u5bc4\u7ed9\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u901a\u8baf\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u4e2d\u4ee3\u7977\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5dee\u4f1a\u6709\u4ee3\u7977\u5c0f\u7ec4\u79d8\u4e66\uff0c\u4e13\u4e8b\u8d1f\u8d23\u5dee\u4f1a\u7684\u4ee3\u7977\u4e8b\u5b9c\u3002\u6709\u7684\u5dee\u4f1a\u4e3e\u884c\u5468\u672b\u7977\u544a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u672c\u5dee\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5dee\u4f1a\u7977\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5bb6\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e0e\u5728\u5de5\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u540c\u6837\u6709\u4ed6\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u4e0a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u53f2\u5766(Johm Sta m) \u5728\u5176\u300c\u7977\u544a\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u300d\u4e00\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e5d\u9762\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u7977\u544a\u771f\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u5207\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u5fc3\u7684\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u6210\u795e\u6240\u6258\u4ed8\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u6709\u6781\u5927\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u4e5d\u5e74\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u65e5\u3000\u521d\u7a3f\u8bd1\u5b8c\u4e8e\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u4e09\u4e00\u795e\u5b66\u9662<br \/>\n\u4e00\u4e5d\u516bO\u5e74\u4e00\u4e00\u6708\u516b\u65e5\u3000\u4fee\u6b63\u4e8e\u6fb3\u6d32\u6089\u5c3c\u65c5\u6b21<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"95%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"right\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cclw.net\/other\/xjsxdsjjc\/htm\/chapter25.html\">\u4e0a\u7ae0<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cclw.net\/other\/xjsxdsjjc\/index.html\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul class=\"wpuf_customs\">            <li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-radio_field\">\n                                    <label>\u7c7b\u578b:<\/label>\n                                \u6587\u7ae0            <\/li>\n        <\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b2c\u5eff\u7ae0 \u7977\u544a\u7684\u80fd\u529b \u3000\u3000\u8036\u7a23\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7977\u544a\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u4e2d\u6559\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u5e38\u5e38\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7070\u5fc3(\u539f\u610f\u4e3a\u6b7b\u5fc3)\u300d(\u8def\u5341\u516b1)\u3002\u4e2d&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/%e7%ac%ac%e5%bb%bf%e7%ab%a0-%e7%a5%b7%e5%91%8a%e7%9a%84%e8%83%bd%e5%8a%9b\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u7b2c\u5eff\u7ae0 \u7977\u544a\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":327,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-112"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/327"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5263"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6463,"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5263\/revisions\/6463"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.3cmspace.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}